History of Development & Employment Programs in India: at a Glance

1952: Community Development Programme (CDP)

overall development of rural areas and people’s participation.

1960-61: Intensive Agriculture Development program (IADP)

To provide loan for seeds and fertilizers to farmers

1964-65: Intensive Agriculture Area programme (IAAP)

To develop special harvest in agriculture area.

1965 : Credit Authorization Scheme (CAS)

Involved qualitative credit control of reserve bank of India

1966-67: High yielding variety programme (HYVP)

To increase the productivity of food grains by adopting latest varieties of inputs of crops.

1966-67: Green Revolution:

To Increase productivity. Confined to wheat production.

1969: Rural Electrification Corporation

To provide electricity in rural areas

1972 : Scheme of Discriminatory Interest Rate

To provide loan to the weaker sections of society at a concessional interest rate of 4%

1972-73 : Accelerated Rural water Supply Programme (ARWSP)

Providing drinking water in villages

1973: Drought Prone Area Programme:

Protection from drought by achieving environement balace and by developing ground water

1973: Crash Scheme for Rural Employment CSRE

For rural employment

1973-74 : Marginal Farmer and Agriculture Labor Agency (MFALA)

Technical & financial assistance to marginal farmers

1974-75: Small Farmer Development Scheme SFDS

Technical & financial assistance to small farmers

1975: Command Area Development Programme: (CADP)

Better utilization of irrigational capacities

1975: Twenty Point Programme (TPP)

Poverty eradication and an overall objective of raising the level living

1977: National Institution of Rural Development

Training, investigation and advisory for rural development

1977-78 : Desert Development Programme: (DDP)

To control the desert expansion by maintaining environment balance

1977-78: Food For Work Programme:

providing food grains to labor

1977-78 : Antyodaya Yojna :

Scheme of Rajasthan, providing economic assistance to poorest families

1979 : Training Rural Youth for Self Employment TRYSEM (launched on 15th August)

educational and vocational training

1980 : Integrated Rural Development Programme :IRDP (launched on October 2, 1980)overall development of rural poor

1980 : National Rural Development programme NREP

employment for rural manforce

1982 : Development of Women & Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA)

sustainable opportunities of self employment to the women belonging to the rural families who are living below the poverty line.

1983 : Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) (Launched on August 15) employment to landless farmers and laborers

1983-84: Farmers Agriculture Service Centers FASCs

Tell the people use of improved instruments of agriculture

1984 : National Fund for Rural Development : To grant 100% tax rebate to donors and also to provide financial assistance for rural development projects

1985: Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme: Crop Insurance

1986: Council of Advancement of People’s Action & Rural Technology (CAPART)

Assistance to rural people

1986: Self Employment Programme for the Poor SEPUP Self employment through credit and subsidy

1986: National Drinking Water Mission:

For rural drinking water renamed and upgraded to Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission in 1991.

1988: Service Area Account Rural Credit

1989: Jawahar Rozgar Yojna : JRY Employment to rural unemployed

1989: Nehru Rozgar Yojna NRYEmployment to Urban unemployed

1990: Agriculture & Rural Debt Relief Scheme: ARDRS

Exempt Bank loans up to Rs. 10000 for rural artisans and weavers

1990: Scheme for Urban Micro Enterprises SUME

Assist urban small entrepreneurs

1990: Scheme of Urban wage Employment SUWE Scheme for urban poor’s

1990: Scheme of Housing and Shelter Upgradation (SHASU) Providing employment by shelter Upgradation

1991: National Housing Bank Voluntary Deposit Scheme Using black money by constructing low cost housing for the poor.

1992: National Renewal Fund This scheme was for the employees of the public sector

1993: Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) (Launched on October, 2)

Employment of at least 100 days in a year in villages

1993: Members of parliament Local Area Development Scheme MPLADS (December 23, 1993)Sanctioned 1 crore per year for development works

1994: Scheme for Infrastructural Development in Mega Cities : SIDMC

Water supply, sewage, drainage, urban transportation, land development and improvement slums projects in metro cities

1993: District Rural Development Agency DRDA

Financial assistance to rural people by district level authority

1993 : Mahila Samridhi Yojna (October 2, 1993)

Encourage rural women to deposit in Post office schems

1994 : Child labor Eradication Scheme

Shift child labour from hazardous industries to schools

1995: prime Minister Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication programme PMIUPEP

To eradicate urban poverty

1995 : Mid day Meal Scheme:

Nutrition to students in primary schools to improve enrolment, retention and attendence

1996: Group Life Insurance Scheme for Rural Areas  Insurance in rural area for low premium

1995: national Social Assistance programme: Assist BPL people.

1997-98; Ganga Kalyan Yojna Provide financial assistance to farmers for exploring ground water resources

1997 Kastoorba Gandhi Education Scheme: (15 August 1997)

Establish girls schools in low female literacy areas (district level)

1997: Swaran Jayanto Shahari Rojgar Yojna: Urban employment

1998: Bhagya Shree Bal Kalyan Policy Upliftment of female childs

March 1999 : Annapurna Yojna

10 kgs food grains to elderly people

April 1999: Swaran Jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna

Self employment in rural areas

April 1999: Jawahar Gram Samriddhi Yojna 

Village infrastructure

August 2000 : Jan Shree Bima Yojna

Insurance for BPL people

2000 : Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojna

Basic needs of rural people

December 25, 2000 : Antyodaya Anna Yojna

To provide food security to poor

December 25, 2000 : Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna:

Connect all villages with nearest pukka road.

September 2001: Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojna

Employment and food security to rural people

December 2001: Valmiki Ambedkar Awas Yojna VAMBAY

Slum houses in urban areas

2003: Universal health Insurance Scheme:

Health insurance for Rural people

2004: Vande mataram Scheme VMS

Initiative of public Private partnership during pregnecy check up.

2004: National Food for Work programme

Supplementary wage as foodgrains for work

2004: Kastoorba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya

Setting up residential schools at upper primary levels for girls belonging to predominantly OBC, SC & ST

2005: Janani Suraksha Yojna

Providing care to pregnant women

2005, Dec. 16 : Bharat Nirman

Development of India through irrigation, Water supply, Housing, Road, Telephone and electricity

2005: National Rural Health Mission:

Accessible, affordable, accountable, quality health survices to the porest of the poor on remotest areas of the country.

2005: Rajeev Gandhi Grameen Vidyuti Karan Yojna:

Extending electrification of all villages and habitations and ensuring electricity to every household.

2005: Jawahar Lal Nehru national Urban Renewal Mission: (JNNURM)

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2006: February 2 : National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme NREGS

100 days wage employment for development works in rural areas.

2007: Rastriya Swasthya Bima Yojna :

Health insurance to all workers in unorganized area below poverty line.

2007: Aam Aadmi Bima Yojna

Insurance cover to the head of the family of rural landless households in the country.

2009: Rajiv Awas Yojna

To make India slum free in 5 years

Which scheme merged with which?

National Food for Work program was merged with NREGA

Sampoorna Grameen Rojgar Yojna merged with NREGA

Intesified Jawhar Rozgar Yojna 1993 was merged with Employment Assurance

Scheme 1996 which was later merged with Sampoorna grameen Rozgar Yojna 2001.

IRDP , TRYSEM, DWCRA, Million Wells Scheme, SITRA & Ganga kalian Yojna merged with Swaran jayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojna.

Rural Landless Employment Guarantee programme merged with Jawahar Rojgar Yojna which was replaced by Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna (1999) and Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna was merged with Sampoorna grameen Rojgar Yojna (2001)